5. Pronouns – Types, Rules, and Examples

A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun to avoid repetition and make sentences clearer.

📌 Example:
 John is a teacher. He teaches English.
(“He” replaces “John”)

🔹 A. Types of Pronouns

1. Personal Pronouns

Used instead of people or things. They change based on the subject or object.

TypeSubject PronounsObject Pronouns
1st personI, weme, us
2nd personyouyou
3rd personhe, she, it, theyhim, her, it, them

Examples:

  • She is my friend. (subject)

  • I called her yesterday. (object)

2. Possessive Pronouns

Show ownership. They do not need a noun after them.

SingularPlural
mine, yours, his, hers, itsours, yours, theirs

Examples:

  • This book is mine.

  • That house is theirs.

❗ Don’t confuse:
 This is my book → my is a possessive adjective
 This book is mine → mine is a possessive pronoun

3. Reflexive Pronouns

Used when the subject and object are the same person.

SingularPlural
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itselfourselves, yourselves, themselves

Examples:

  • She hurt herself.

  • I made this cake myself.

4. Demonstrative Pronouns

Point out specific things.

SingularPlural
this, thatthese, those

Examples:

  • This is my phone.

  • Those are your shoes.

5. Interrogative Pronouns

Used to ask questions.

Pronouns
who, whom, whose, what, which

Examples:

  • Who is that?

  • Which is your bag?

6. Relative Pronouns

Connect clauses or phrases to a noun or pronoun.

Relative Pronouns
who, whom, whose, which, that

Examples:

  • The man who called you is my brother.

  • This is the bag that I bought.

7. Indefinite Pronouns

Refer to people or things in a general way.

SingularPlural
someone, anyone, no one, everybody, eachsome, few, many, others

Examples:

  • Everyone is here.

  • Some are missing.

🔹 B. Common Errors with Pronouns

WrongCorrectWhy
Me and John went.John and I went.“I” is a subject
It is her book.It is her book.Correct use of possessive
This is your’s.This is yours.No apostrophe in “yours”

🔹 C. Quick Pronoun Practice

Fill in the blanks:

  1. This is ___ (I/me).

  2. He made it by ___ (him/himself).

  3. ___ (Who/Whom) is calling?

  4. That car is ___ (theirs/their).

  5. I saw a woman ___ (who/which) helped me.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

4. Articles – Rules, Usage, and Examples

🔹 Types of Articles Type Articles Example Definite Article the The sun, the book Indefinite Article a, an a cat, an apple 🔹 A. Indefinite Articles – “a” and “an” ✅ Use “a” before a word that starts with a consonant sound. Examples: a book a car a university (“you” sound is consonant) ✅ Use “an” before a word that starts with a vowel sound. Examples: an apple an umbrella an honest man (“honest” starts with vowel sound “o”) ❌ It’s not about the spelling—it’s about the sound . Correct Incorrect an hour a hour ❌ a university an university ❌ 🔹 B. Definite Article – “the” “The” is used to refer to specific or known people, places, or things. ✅ Use “the” when: There is only one of something: the sun, the moon, the sky The listener/reader knows what you're talking about: I saw the movie you mentioned. Mentioning something a second time: I saw a dog. The dog was barking. Superlatives: the best, the tallest Ordinal numbers: the ...
Read more

6. Modals – Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Shall, Should, Will, Would

Modals (also called modal verbs ) are helping verbs used before the base form of a main verb to express ability, possibility, permission, advice, necessity, obligation , etc. 🔹 A. List of Common Modals Modal Function can ability, permission could past ability, polite request may permission, possibility might weak possibility must strong obligation, logical conclusion shall future (formal), suggestion should advice, recommendation will future, certainty, willingness would polite request, hypothetical situations 🔹 B. Modal Rules ✅ Modals are always followed by the base form of a verb. ❌ Never use “to” or “-s” with a modal verb. Correct: She can go . Wrong: She can goes . / She can to go . 🔹 C. Usage and Examples 1. CAN Ability : She can speak five languages. Permission : Can I use your phone? Possibility : Driving fast can be dangerous. 2. COULD Past ability : I could swim when I was 5. Polite request : Could you help me? Possibility (less certain...
Read more

2. Sentence Structure – Detailed Explanation

A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. It always contains a subject and a predicate (verb + object or complement). 🔹 Basic Structure of a Sentence Subject + Verb She sings. Birds fly. Subject + Verb + Object He eats apples. They play football. Subject + Verb + Complement She is a teacher. The sky looks blue. 🔹 Types of Sentences (By Function) Declarative Sentence ➤ Makes a statement. Example: I like ice cream. Interrogative Sentence ➤ Asks a question. Example: Do you like coffee? Imperative Sentence ➤ Gives a command or request. Example: Please close the door. Exclamatory Sentence ➤ Expresses strong feeling. Example: What a beautiful day! 🔹 Types of Sentences (By Structure) Simple Sentence ➤ One independent clause. Example: She is reading a book. Compound Sentence ➤ Two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). Example: He is tired, but he is still wor...
Read more