11. Tenses Overview – Present, Past, Future

🔹 A. Present Tense

1. Present Simple

  • Used for facts, habits, routines, and general truths.

  • Structure: Subject + base verb (add -s/es for he/she/it)

Examples:

  • I eat breakfast every day.

  • She works at a bank.

2. Present Continuous

  • Used for actions happening now or temporary actions.

  • Structure: Subject + am/is/are + verb+ing

Examples:

  • They are playing football now.

  • I am studying for exams.

🔹 B. Past Tense

1. Past Simple

  • Used for completed actions at a specific time in the past.

  • Structure: Subject + past verb (regular verbs add -ed)

Examples:

  • She visited Paris last year.

  • We watched a movie yesterday.

2. Past Continuous

  • Used for actions in progress at a specific time in the past.

  • Structure: Subject + was/were + verb+ing

Examples:

  • I was reading when he called.

  • They were playing football at 5 pm.

🔹 C. Future Tense

1. Future Simple

  • Used for decisions, promises, or predictions about the future.

  • Structure: Subject + will + base verb

Examples:

  • I will call you tomorrow.

  • She will visit us next week.

2. Future Continuous

  • Used for actions in progress at a certain time in the future.

  • Structure: Subject + will be + verb+ing

Examples:

  • At 8 pm, I will be watching TV.

  • They will be traveling next month.

🔹 D. Summary Table

TenseUseExample
Present SimpleHabits, factsShe reads books.
Present ContinuousNow, temporaryHe is working now.
Past SimpleFinished past actionsWe visited the museum.
Past ContinuousPast action in progressI was cooking dinner.
Future SimpleFuture decisions or promisesThey will arrive soon.
Future ContinuousFuture action in progressShe will be studying later.

🔹 E. Tense Practice – Choose the correct form

  1. I ______ (go) to school every day.

  2. She ______ (watch) TV right now.

  3. They ______ (play) soccer yesterday.

  4. He ______ (call) you tomorrow.

  5. We ______ (eat) dinner at 7 pm tonight.

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